Ⅰ.Basic Cognition: Ob leeg tsis nyob hauv kev sib raug zoo, tab sis kev ua haujlwm zoo.
Ntau tus neeg yuam kev xav tias lub hwj chim transformers thiab faib transformers yog kiag li ywj siab ntawm cov khoom. Qhov tseeb, lawv yog cov txheej txheem siv nyob rau hauv kev sib txuas sib txuas ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob: hais dav dav, txhua yam khoom siv rau kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob hauv daim phiaj hluav taws xob tuaj yeem hu ua hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob, thaum lub tshuab hluav taws xob faib hluav taws xob yog ib pawg tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb rau kev xa tawm davhlau ya nyob twg, nrog rau lawv lub luag haujlwm zoo ib yam li 'strunk hubs' thiab 'chaw nres tsheb hauv zej zog' hauv lub network logistics. Lawv lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog txawv kiag li.
1. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov sib txawv
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob yog kev xa hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hla lub caj dab fais fab. Nws feem ntau yog ntsia rau hauv cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob thiab cov chaw hauv cheeb tsam, lub luag haujlwm rau kev nce qhov hluav taws xob tawm ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob mus rau siab -voltage theem kom ntev - kis tau tus mob, los yog sib pauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob ntawm cov hluav taws xob sib txawv, yam tsis muaj kev xa ncaj qha rau cov neeg siv khoom. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, tis transformers yog qhov kawg txuas nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim xa, ntsia ze rau cov neeg siv kawg, nqis mus rau nruab nrab voltage theem ntawm 10kV / 20kV rau tsawg voltages ntawm 380V / 220V rau tsev, coj mus muag, thiab industrial siv, ncaj qha muab hluav taws xob rau cov neeg nyob hauv, cov lag luam, thiab cov neeg siv khoom.
2. Technical Parameter txawv
| Parameter qhov ntev |
Hwj chimtransformer |
Distribution transformer |
| Voltage theem | High voltage thiab ntxiv -high voltage scenarios npog 33kV txog 500kV qib | Qhov siab-voltage sab tsis tshaj 20kV (feem ntau yog 10kV), thiab qis-voltage sab yog 0.4kV raws li pej xeem cov qauv. |
| Muaj peev xwm ntau | Lub peev xwm ntawm ib chav tsev feem ntau yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm ntau kaum ntawm MVA thiab ntau pua MVA, nrog rau qee cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv nruab nrab ntau tshaj 200 MVA. | Lub peev xwm feem ntau yog concentrated nyob rau hauv 30kVA mus rau 2500kVA ntau, nrog tsawg heev tshaj 200MVA. |
| Load yam ntxwv | Load fluctuations yog me me, tuav ib tug nyob ze tag nrho -load khiav hauj lwm lub xeev nyob rau lub sij hawm ntev. | Lub load hloov pauv tau zoo nrog cov neeg siv hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob thiab cov troughs, thiab feem ntau ua haujlwm li ntawm 50% -70% ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas. |
| Tsim tsom | Ua ntej tswj hwm kev poob haujlwm kom ntseeg tau tias kev hloov pauv tau zoo ntawm kev thauj khoom tag nrho, ua tiav qhov kev tsim qauv siab tshaj plaws ntawm 100% load. |
Ua ntej ua kom zoo tshaj qhov tsis muaj-load poob, txo kev siv hluav taws xob thaum qis- lub sijhawm thauj khoom thaum hmo ntuj, thiab tsim kev ntsuas kev ua haujlwm rau 50%-70% load ntau. |
| Cov kev xav tau ntawm rwb thaiv tsev | Higher voltage theem, stricter rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum, ntau dua rwb thaiv tsev thickness | Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob tsawg tsawg, qhov kev xav tau ntawm rwb thaiv tsev yog qhov qis dua, thiab tag nrho qhov loj me me. |
3. Daim ntawv thov Scenario txawv
Fais fab transformers feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv fais fab nroj tsuag, lub ntsiab kis tau tus mob thiab transformation chaw nres tsheb, thiab lwm yam core nodes ntawm lub hwj chim daim phiaj, ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ntev - fais fab kis; thaum lub tshuab hluav taws xob faib hluav taws xob ntau dua, feem ntau ntsia hauv chav faib khoom, lub thawv sab nraum zoov- hom substations, ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab lwm cov ntaub ntawv, ncaj qha ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob.
Ⅱ. Kev Xaiv Txoj Haujlwm Txawv Teb Chaws: Dhau Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj Ua Ntej Ua Ntej, Tom qab ntawd phim cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm
Lub lag luam tseem ceeb rau Suav transformer xa tawm suav nrog North America, Europe, Southeast Asia thiab lwm thaj chaw, txhua qhov sib txawv raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Ntawm lawv, North America, ua lag luam nrog cov kev cai nruj tshaj plaws, muaj cov cai tshaj tawm ntawv pov thawj. Cov tuam txhab tuaj yeem xaiv cov qauv raws li cov hauv qab no logic:
Kauj Ruam 1: Sib piv cov ntawv pov thawj uas yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm qeb
Lub lag luam North American siv cov ntawv pov thawj theem rau cov transformers, nrog rau cov qauv sib txawv sib xws rau cov khoom siv sib txawv ntawm lub zog thiab lub hom phiaj, feem ntau qhov txawv ntawm peb hom ntawv pov thawj.
Qauv: UL1446Basic rwb thaiv tsev system ntawv pov thawj. Qhov no tsis yog daim ntawv pov thawj rau tag nrho lub tshuab, tab sis yog ib daim ntawv pov thawj tivthaiv rau kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev hauv transformers. Nws yog ib qho yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm tag nrho cov transformers tiav. Txawm li cas los xij ntawm lub tshuab hloov pauv, tus qauv no yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej kom ntseeg tau tias lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev - rwb thaiv tsev kev nyab xeeb.
Qauv: UL1561Daim ntawv pov thawj rau qhuav - hom fais fab / faib transformers. Cov txheej txheem no siv rau cov tshuab hloov hluav taws xob uas muaj qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob txog li 600V thiab lub zog siab dua 10kVA, haum rau siab - fais fab xwm txheej xws li lub Hoobkas tseem ceeb faib, cov tsev lag luam, chaw nres tsheb fais fab photovoltaic, thiab cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv, thiab yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau siab - fais fab kev faib khoom hauv North America.
Qauv TSIS MUAJ: UL5085Tsawg-voltage control transformer certification, haum rau me me transformers nyob rau hauv 600V thiab nyob rau hauv 10kVA, feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv lub industrial tswj sector, txhawb tswj cov txee, automated ntau lawm kab, thiab HVAC cov cuab yeej, thiab ua tus txheej txheem nkag rau North American industrial tswj cov khoom.
Hauv kev lag luam, kev siv cov khoom siv txhawb nqa, cov kab ntau lawm thiab cov khoom siv HVAC yog tus qauv nkag rau North American industrial tswj cov khoom tiav.
Kev xaiv yooj yim mnemonic: siab- fais fab loj transformers yuav tsum ua raws li UL1561, me me tswj transformers nrog UL5085, thiab ob qho tib si yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog UL1446 rwb thaiv tsev ntawv pov thawj.
Kauj ruam 2: Kho cov kev xaiv tsis raws li kev khiav hauj lwm tej yam kev mob
Ntxiv nrog rau kev ua raws li daim ntawv pov thawj, nws tseem yuav tsum tau kho qhov tseem ceeb tsis raws li qhov project scenario.
Reserved zog margin:Rau tej yaam num dav dav, cia muaj peev xwm ntawm 1.2-1.5 npaug ntawm tag nrho cov xam load; Yog hais tias muaj lub cev muaj zog, compressors, lossis lwm yam kev poob siab, cov npoo yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv raws li qhov pib tam sim no kom tsis txhob muaj hluav taws xob ntau dhau los cuam tshuam rau cov khoom lag luam.
Adaptation rau daim phiaj zaus:Tus qauv zaus ntawm North American daim phiaj hluav taws xob yog 60Hz, thaum lub sij hawm hauv tsev yog 50Hz. Thaum xaiv tus qauv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xaiv ib qho uas txhawb nqa dual - zaus ua haujlwm kom tsis txhob poob ntau dhau los yog kub dhau vim qhov tsis sib xws.
Kev tiv thaiv qib txuam nrog kev teeb tsa ib puag ncig:Rau kev teeb tsa sab hauv tsev, IP20- tiv thaiv IP30 tuaj yeem xaiv tau; rau kev teeb tsa sab nraum zoov, thaj chaw ntsev ntsev ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, thiab cov dej nag thiab dej nag, yam tsawg kawg yog IP54 lossis kev tiv thaiv siab dua yuav tsum raug xaiv, nrog rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom uas muaj cov khoom siv tiv thaiv corrosion.
Kev xaiv txoj kev txias txias:Rau loj- muaj peev xwm fais fab transformers uas ua hauj lwm ntawm tag nrho cov load rau ncua sij hawm, nws raug nquahu kom xaiv cov roj- raus tus kheej - cua txias / yuam cua- hom txias kom siab dua cov cua kub dissipation efficiency; rau kev faib khoom hloov pauv hauv thaj chaw nyob thiab cov chaw lag luam, nws raug nquahu kom xaiv qhuav-hom transformers kom muaj kev nyab xeeb hluav taws zoo dua.
3. Cov piv txwv ntawm kev xaiv rau txawv scenarios
North American photovoltaic zog cia fais fab chaw nres tsheb project:Rau kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob nyob rau sab kab hluav taws xob loj, loj - lub peev xwm fais fab transformers raug xaiv, uas yuav tsum tau ua raws li UL1561 ntawv pov thawj; Nyob rau ntawm tus neeg siv sab ntawm daim phiaj kev sib txuas, kev faib khoom yog xaiv nrog kev faib tawm ntawm ib ncig ntawm 1000kVA, kuj yuav tsum tau ntawv pov thawj UL1561, nrog rwb thaiv tsev chav H thiab khaws cia thermal margin.
North American industrial cog project:ib tug 1600kVA tis transformer nrog UL1561 ntawv pov thawj yog xaiv rau lub ntsiab faib sab; 5kVA me me tswj transformer, ua raws li UL5085 ntawv pov thawj, raug xaiv rau rhiav automated ntau lawm kab.
Cov phiaj xwm kev faib khoom nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Asia:Cov cheeb tsam feem ntau lees paub IEC cov qauv, qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob tau hloov mus rau hauv lub zos 10kV nruab nrab voltage, cov pa roj -immersed ncej-mounted tis transformers tuaj yeem siv, nrog kev txhim kho cov dej noo thiab kev tiv thaiv corrosion raws li cov kev cai hauv cheeb tsam.
Ⅲ. Tej Pitfalls uas yuav tsum zam thaum xaiv tus qauv
1.Tsis txhob dig muag nrhiav lub peev xwm loj:Lub peev xwm loj heev tsis yog tsuas yog nce tus nqi yuav khoom xwb tab sis kuj nce tsis muaj- thauj khoom poob, yog li ua rau ntev - cov nqi khiav lag luam. Nws yog txaus los khaws lub peev xwm ntawm 1.2-1.5 npaug ntawm qhov load.
2.Tsis txhob saib xyuas cov ntawv pov thawj hauv zos:Cov cheeb tsam sib txawv muaj cov cai pov thawj sib txawv, North America xav tau UL, Europe xav tau CE. Paub meej tias yuav tsum tau nkag mus ua ntej kom tsis txhob muaj cov khoom tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm kev lis kev cai thiab muab tso rau hauv kev siv thaum tuaj txog ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj.
3.Tsis txhob cuam tshuam cov kev ntsuas rwb thaiv tsev:nyob rau hauv siab - qhov kub thiab txias thiab siab - load scenarios, nws yog advisable xaiv ib tug ntau dua rwb thaiv tsev ntsuas (H chav kawm yog superior rau F chav kawm ntawv) kom tsis txhob ntev - lub sij hawm overheating thiab txo cov kev pab cuam lub neej.
Xaus
Qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv ntawm lub hwj chim transformers thiab tis transformers yeej tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub functional division ntawm txawv theem ntawm lub hwj chim kis tau tus mob. Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev xaiv txawv teb chaws yog "ua raws li thawj zaug, kev hloov pauv thib ob"- ua ntej, xaiv cov qauv ntawv pov thawj raug raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm lub hom phiaj kev lag luam, thiab tom qab ntawd kho cov kev txwv raws li qhov project lub peev xwm, ib puag ncig, thiab cov yam ntxwv thauj khoom los xaiv cov khoom siv hloov pauv uas ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua thiab muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws rau cov nyiaj.
